Java is considered portable for several key reasons:

Platform-Independent Bytecode:

Java source code is compiled into bytecode, which is an intermediate representation. This bytecode is designed to be executed on any platform that has a Java Virtual Machine (JVM). Because JVMs are available for almost all major operating systems (Windows, macOS, Linux, etc.), the same Java bytecode can run on any of these platforms without modification.
Java Virtual Machine (JVM):

The JVM abstracts the underlying hardware and operating system details. When Java bytecode is executed, the JVM interprets or compiles it into machine code suitable for the host system. This ensures that Java programs can run on any device that has a JVM, making the applications platform-independent.
Standardized Libraries:

Java comes with a comprehensive standard library that provides a consistent programming interface across different platforms. These libraries handle common tasks like file I/O, networking, and GUI development, ensuring that the code behaves the same way on different systems.
Write Once, Run Anywhere (WORA):

Java's design philosophy is encapsulated in the slogan "Write Once, Run Anywhere." By compiling Java code into platform-independent bytecode and using a JVM to run the bytecode, Java achieves a high degree of portability. Developers can write their code once and be confident that it will run on any system with a compatible JVM.
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